Nearly half of all Liberians who were employed when the Ebola outbreak began are no longer working, a survey by the World Bank has found.

It said many workers have been told to stay at home or have lost their jobs, while markets have been forced to shut.

Earlier, a World Bank economist said the Ebola outbreak was expected to cost the region about $3-4bn (£1.9-2.5bn).

Ebola has infected about 14,000 people in West Africa, killing more than 5,000 - with about 2,800 deaths in Liberia.

Ana Revenga, a senior World Bank official, said even those living areas of Liberia that have not been hit by Ebola "are suffering the economic side effects of this terrible disease".

"Relief efforts must focus not only on those directly affected by the virus, but also on those in the poorest communities for whom market access, mobility and food security continue to get worse," she added.

The World Bank said Liberia's agricultural sector was showing the most resilience to the disease, but its survey found that 70% of respondents said they do not have enough money to afford food.

Tourism down

The economic cost of the outbreak will not be as bad as first feared though, according to Francisco Ferreira, the World Bank's chief economist for Africa.

Talking at a lecture in South Africa, he said the total economic loss was likely to be about a tenth of the $32bn the World Bank initially said the cost to sub-Saharan Africa's economy could be.

The outbreak's successful containment in some West African states made the gloomiest forecasts less likely, but there was no room for complacency, he added.

But he warned that Ebola had ravaged the tourist industry across Africa.

A survey by a specialist travel company in September showed that travel bookings were down by as much as 70%, even for destinations far away from the affected areas.

The virus has killed more than 5,000 people, mainly in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

The World Health Organisation declared the outbreak a global health emergency in August.

Meanwhile, Senegal has reopened its land border with Guinea, where the outbreak was first identified in March, for freight traffic, but not cars or people on foot.

Last week it opened its airports and seaports to traffic from Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.