The riveting legal drama between Ghanaian politician Kennedy Agyapong and investigative journalist Anas Aremeyaw Anas has taken an intriguing turn with reports that the defamation compensation awarded has been slashed by more than 98%.

The Superior Court of New Jersey, a state-level trial court in the United States, had previously awarded $18 million to Anas, following inflammatory remarks by Kennedy Agyapong who was the then member of parliament for Assin Central.

That amount has been reduced to $500. This stunning legal maneuver demands a judicious review of the legal, political, and ethical ramifications of this high-profile case, especially the judicial rationale behind such a dramatic cut in penalty.

Accusations and Investigative Context

Anas began legal action against Mr. Agyapong after the politician labelled him a "criminal", and alleged he was behind the murder of fellow journalist Ahmed Suale, who had previously worked with Anas.

This, notably after Anas released his 2018 documentary expose on corruption in Ghanaian football and elsewhere.

The investigative journalist first brought the case in Ghana, and lost, but then took it to the United States, where Agyapong owns property, and won.

According to court papers filed by Anas' lawyers, the MP made some of those defamatory remarks from his home in New Jersey during a podcast interview.

It's important to note that there are—or at least were- diverse opinions about Anas' style of investigative journalism. While effective in uncovering corruption, his approach incited widespread outrage in Ghana, where critics have raised concerns over perceived ethical violations and an allegedly partisan agenda.

International Enforcement and Diverse Interpretations

The drastic reduction of the damages is a complex legal issue. It demonstrates the challenge of enforcing international judgments and navigating the variation of legal interpretations across nations.

Agyapong's lawyers' argument, highlighting the distinction between fact statements and exaggerated opinions, appears to have had profound influences on the revised judgment of the court. These challenges can stem from differences across countries in terms of legal standards and procedures.

Significantly, the substantial cut to the damages initially awarded suggests that the court likely found at least some merit to Agyapong's defense. Perhaps that could imply a finding that while Agyapong's remarks were vicious or even inflammatory, the comments fell short of the US legal standard necessary to justify an $18 million finding of defamation (the act of making untrue statements that harm someone's reputation) under US law.

The court judgment likely came down to the consideration of factors such as the nature of the statements, the context in which they were made, and the evidence required to establish defamation.

Other issues may have stemmed from the difficulty of enforcing a US judgment, taking into consideration Ghana's legal system. Also, past rulings of Ghanaian court judgments, raise additional challenges.

Free Speech vs. Press Freedom

To Anas Aremeyaw Anas, the first ruling was a huge victory for press freedom and accountability, signaling loud and clear that investigative reporting should not be intimidated.

Kennedy Agyapong and his supporters may, however, interpret the reduced damages, on the whole, as he has been vindicated. They may conclude that his statement fell within the scope of free speech in the course of delivering a reasoned political opinion to a deeply polarized national discussion. It is critical to recognize that there are equally valid legal, moral, and ethical arguments on both sides of this issue for the prosecution and defence.

Balancing Rights and Political Dynamics

On one level, this case directly puts into sharp focus the thin line between freedom of speech and protection of individual reputations in today's globalised world.

On another level, the split view within the Ghanaian legal fraternity (including lawyers, judges, and legal scholars) on Anas's work and the justification of the accusations leveled against him adds further confusion to the nature of his work.

It is important to keep in mind that the legal systems must be allowed to operate independently from politics.

Focus on Judicial Rationale

In short, it is hard to overstate the implications of the recently settled court battle between Anas Aremeyaw Anas and Kennedy Agyapong for press freedom, accountability, and respect for international law.

The dramatic reduction of the defamation award, as well as all the other changes, further showcase how incredibly challenging this issue is and how many different legal arguments are being pushed that return harm rather than benefit. The key thing to monitor in the coming weeks will be what, if any, legal reasoning is provided by the New Jersey court for any reduction.

Getting a sense of the court's rationale, if any major cuts are made, will be key not just to understanding how this new law is being applied in this instance, but the precedent it might set for other cases that may raise similar cross-border legal challenges and free speech issues.

This monumental lawsuit will of course be picked apart in great detail over the coming weeks and months by legal experts, journalists and political pundits as both plaintiffs' and defendants' legal teams rush to implement or appeal today's decision.

NB: Anas has since the new decision to slash the award, indicated that his pursuit for justice was never about the size of the award, but the conviction that he was wronged by Ken Agyapong, which the court upheld. Remember the Ghanaian courts said Ken did no wrong.