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The vuvuzela has blasted its way into the Oxford Dictionary of English for the first time after becoming the sound of the World Cup.
Along with other new words like tweetup, cheeseball and turducken, it is included in the third edition of the dictionary, published Thursday.
The word vuvuzela has only been in common use since the summer when the long horn began to be heard at the World Cup matches in South Africa.
It is one of more than 2,000 new words and phrases included in the dictionary for the first time.
Other newcomers include: tweetup (a meeting arranged through Twitter); cheeseball (lacking taste or style); and a turducken (a roast dish consisting of a chicken inside a duck inside a turkey).
Two of the greatest influences on current language have been the internet and the financial crisis.
Paywall (which restricts website access only to subscribers), microblogging (posting short entries on a blog), netbook, viral and defriend have all arrived in our language because of the internet.
The financial world has also provided a host of new words including toxic debt, deleveraging (reducing debt by quickly selling assets), overleveraged, quantitative easing and staycation (a holiday spent in your home country).
Many of these were words that, in the past, were only used by economists and City experts, but which have now crept into normal parlance.
The world of national and global politics has contributed a number of new words and phrases including exit strategy, the fog of war, a surge (of troops), overthinking, catatrophizing (presenting a situation as considerably worse than it actually is) and soft skills (personal attributes that let you interact harmoniously with others).
Scientists have provided words connected with the climate. Carbon capture, carbon storage and geoengineering are all ways to help fight global warming.
Other new entries are :
* wardrobe malfunction : when someone exposes an intimate part of their body after clothing slips;
* chill pill: a notional pill to make someone calm;
* bromance : a close but non-sexual relationship between two men;
* LBD (little black dress). This refers to the simple evening or cocktail dress that, it is claimed, should be part of every womans wardrobe; and
* frenemy : a person that one is friendly with despite a fundamental dislike.
A spokesman for publishers Oxford University Press said the dictionary, which was first published in 1998, is based on a huge word bank or corpus which is continually being added to.
The spokesman said : The Oxford Dictionary of English was the first dictionary to be fully based on evidence of how language is really used, with words and senses derived from the latest corpus research.
This third edition of the dictionary draws on the Oxford English Corpus to ensure that it remains at the leading edge of language research.
Source: Telegraph.co.uk
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