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South African President Jacob Zuma has arrived in Tripoli for what many see as a final attempt to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya.
It is unclear if the visit, Mr Zuma's second since April, will focus on exit strategies for Col Muammar Gaddafi.
One of Col Gaddafi's advisers has told the BBC there is no prospect of him stepping down, as the rebels demand.
On Sunday Mr Zuma's governing African National Congress condemned Nato's air and missile strikes in Libya.
"We... join the continent and all peace-loving people of the world in condemning the continuing aerial bombardments of Libya by Western forces," the party said after a two-day meeting of its executive council.
Nato imposed a no-fly zone in Libya and began bombing Col Gaddafi's forces in March as they threatened to overrun rebel-held parts of the country, a month after nationwide anti-government protests began.
International pressure on Col Gaddafi continues to grow, with the G8 calling for his departure on Friday and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev saying on Saturday he no longer had the right to lead Libya.
The chairman of the Benghazi-based rebel Transitional National Council (TNC), Mustafa Abdul Jalil, welcomed the statements, saying: "The entire world has reached a consensus that Col Gaddafi and his regime have not only lost their legitimacy but also their credibility."
But the Libyan government said it was not concerned by the G8's decisions, saying it was merely an economic summit.
"We are an African country. Any initiative outside the AU framework will be rejected," Deputy Foreign Minister Khalid Kaim said.
Attack helicopters
Mr Zuma walked down the red carpet at Tripoli's airport on Monday afternoon to the sound of a band and children waving Libyan flags and chanting "We want Gaddafi" in English, the Reuters news agency reports.
The president's office said the main objective of his visit was to discuss with Col Gaddafi an immediate ceasefire, the delivery of humanitarian aid and the implementation of reforms needed to end the crisis.
It also rejected as "misleading" reports that their talks would focus on agreeing an exit strategy for Col Gaddafi.
Unnamed South African government sources said last week that the purpose of the visit was to persuade the Libyan leader to step down.
South Africa voted for the UN Security Council resolution authorising the use of force to protect civilians in Libya despite the AU's concerns. Since then, Mr Zuma has joined other African leaders in accusing Nato of overstepping its mandate and calling for an end to the bombardment.
The BBC's Andrew North in Tripoli says some hope Mr Zuma's charm and personal relationship with Col Gaddafi will make a deal possible.
But the prospects for this peacemaking bid look just as thin as last time, our correspondent says.
An African Union "roadmap", which was drawn up in February and called for an immediate ceasefire, was swiftly rejected by both the TNC and Nato because it did not call on Col Gaddafi to step down.
His supporters insist there is no possibility of him either leaving office or Libya, and point out that even if he did he could then face being arrested and taken to the International Criminal Court at The Hague on war crimes charges, our correspondent adds.
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