It's that familiar season of the year when the air is saturated with dust and dry. Like every year, the air quality during Harmattan moves from moderate to hazardous levels.

Starting from mid-December to peaking in late February, air quality watchers say this period impacts Ghana’s air quality, which is currently in the red zone.

Medics warn that respiratory-related health problems will be high among those who will be exposed to poor air quality.

Data from the EPA shows air pollution is off the charts. At Adabraka and the University of Ghana, the Air Quality Index (AQI) has soared above 200—a stark “very unhealthy” warning for everyone, and especially risky for vulnerable groups.

Across Accra, Breathe Accra’s sensors report dangerously high PM2.5 levels, with markets like Makola and Agbogbloshie blanketed in hazardous air.

To put this in perspective, the WHO’s recommended safe limit for PM2.5 over 24 hours is 15 micrograms per cubic meter.

In some areas of Ghana, levels are hitting 15 times that—four times higher at minimum.

This pollution isn’t just dust; it’s made up of fine particulate matter that can seep into your bloodstream and even reach your brain.

Adding to the crisis is the relentless pumping of pollutants from vehicles and factories, compounding the already dire situation.

The EPA has issued a notice cautioning the public about the dangerous air quality levels and advised wearing protective masks and minimising outdoor activities where possible.

Vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions, are urged to take extra precautions.