Only 22% of households in Ghana used clean fuels in 2022, despite national policies and frameworks

Similarly, 18.5% of richest households in Ghana use clean fuels, compared to only 0.1% of poorest households.

According to a report by the Institute for Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER, a higher educational attainment correlates positively with clean fuel adoption.

In 2008, 13.6% of the population used clean fuel. The number has subsequently shot up to 28.7%. The number shot up to 28.7% in 2022.

In the urban center, 42% of Ghanaians used clean energy compared to 11.2% in the rural areas.

Importantly, southern urbanized areas (Greater Accra, Ashanti) lead in clean fuel adoption, while northern regions lag considerably due to socio-economic and infrastructural divides

The report pointed out that rural households (88.8% using dirty fuels) face increased risk of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and adverse birth outcomes.

In terms environmental implications, it said continued reliance on wood and charcoal contributes to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions.

Approximately 2.6 billion people worldwide still rely on polluting cooking fuels (biomass, coal, kerosene.