The 2026 World Cup risks becoming "a stage for repression and a platform for authoritarian practices", according to a new report from human rights campaign group Amnesty.

The organisation has detailed "significant risks" to fans, players, journalists, workers and local communities in the tournament's three co-hosts - the United States, Mexico and Canada.

Highlighting "troubling attacks on human rights", Amnesty claims the "starkest threat" to visitors to the World Cup may be "the machine of abusive, discriminatory and deadly immigration enforcement and mass detention in the USA".

And it warns "severe restrictions on freedom of expression and peaceful protest" threaten the "safe, welcoming and inclusive" tournament promised by world football's governing body, Fifa.

The US is due to host 78 matches across 11 cities, with co-hosts Canada and Mexico each hosting 13 matches.

In its 36-page report titled 'Humanity Must Win: Defending rights, tackling repression at the 2026 FIFA World Cup',, external Amnesty calls on the host countries' governments to "meet their obligations under international human rights law, while Fifa, national FAs and sponsors all have clear responsibilities to respect human rights…"

"The US government has deported more than 500,000 people from the USA in 2025, more than six times as many people as will watch the World Cup final in the MetLife Stadium,, said Amnesty's head of economic and social justice, Steve Cockburn.

"…It's a deeply troubling time in the US, which will certainly extend to fans who want to take part in World Cup celebrations."

Last month, the acting head of US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) said that the agency is "a key part of the overall security apparatus for the World Cup", vowing it was "dedicated to ensuring that everyone who visits the facilities will have a safe and secure event".

Earlier this year, ICE agents shot and killed two American citizens as part of U.S. President Donald Trump's immigration crackdown in Minneapolis.

Trump has sent federal agents, as well as the National Guard, to major US cities over the past year to make good on his campaign promise to crack down on illegal immigration. They have been met with protests and legal challenges in Democrat-led cities like Portland, Los Angeles and Chicago.

"Despite the astounding numbers of arrests and deportations, neither FIFA nor the US authorities have provided any guarantees that fans and local communities will be safe from ethnic and racial profiling, indiscriminate raids, or unlawful detention and deportation," said Cockburn.

"Only four of the 16 host cities have so far published their human rights plans, and none of those that have done so to date say anything about protection from abusive immigration enforcement.

"This World Cup is no longer the 'medium risk' tournament that Fifa once judged it to be - whether it is to protect people from ICE, guarantee the right to protest or prevent homelessness, urgent action is needed to make sure the reality of this World Cup matches its original promise."

Amnesty says that ICE and other agencies "pose a chilling threat to people living in the US, those travelling to see a game, and players themselves".

It added: "Fans face intrusive surveillance, with proposals to force visitors to make their social media accounts available for vetting, and screening for "anti-Americanism".

In January, fan group Football Supporters Europe (FSE) told BBC Sport it was "extremely concerned by the ongoing militarisation of police forces in the US" before the World Cup".

At the time, Fifa said the safety and security of fans and participants was its "top priority", adding it works closely with local authorities "to plan, co-ordinate and deliver comprehensive security measures for the tournament".

The White House's World Cup Task Force said that the tournament will be "the largest, safest, and most welcoming sporting event in history" and that it was working to deliver an event "that highlights America's hospitality, commitment to security, and spirit of excellence". It promised that fans "can look forward to a smooth, secure, and truly unforgettable tournament".

Amnesty highlights Mexico's response to high levels of drug cartel violence, which it says is "raising risks for people protesting".

Earlier this month, the World Cup co-host announced plans to deploy nearly 100,000 security personnel to protect fans at this summer's tournament.

And the campaign group also claims that in Canada, a growing housing crisis has "raised fears that people experiencing homelessness will again be displaced and pushed further to the margins".

FIFA has been approached for comment.