Canada's next Prime Minister, Mark Carney, vows to win the trade war against US President Donald Trump, after winning the race to succeed Justin Trudeau.

"Americans should make no mistake: in trade, as in hockey, Canada will win," the ex-Bank of England governor told supporters.

Carney, who will be sworn in as PM in the coming days, pledges retaliatory tariffs on US goods until "Americans show us respect".

The 59-year-old, who has never held elected office, easily won the leadership race with 86% of the vote.

Carney is likely to announce a speedy general election, and although the gap is narrowing with the Conservative opposition, the polls show them still in the lead.

Trudeau resigned in January after a nine-year stretch in the role.

Who is Mark Carney?

Carney, who was born in Canada's Northwest Territories and spent his formative years in Edmonton, Alberta, has been serving in recent months as a special economics adviser to Justin Trudeau.

He was the first non-British person to become governor of the Bank of England in its more than 300-year history when he took the job in 2013.

The Harvard graduate had previously steered his home country through the Great Recession as the governor of the Bank of Canada, the country's central bank, before being poached for Britain's top banking job.

But unlike most PM-hopefuls, Carney has never held political office. Still, he won the contest to replace outgoing Prime Minister Justin Trudeau handily. Now, he must lead the country through one of its toughest challenges yet - an escalating trade war with its biggest trading partner, the United States.

He's sought to position himself as the man who can steer the country through the fallout caused by US President Donald Trump's tariffs.

"In a situation like this, you need experience in terms of crisis management, you need negotiating skills," he said during a leadership debate last month.